• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method of producing self-supporting ceramic bodies (10) having a modified metal-containing component includes first providing a self-supporting ceramic body (10) comprising (i) a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product (12) formed upon oxidation of a molten parent metal precursor with an oxidant, and (ii) an interconnected metal-containing component (14) at least partially accessible from one or more surfaces (15) of said ceramic body (10). The surface or surfaces (15) of the ceramic body (10) is contacted with a quantity of foreign metal different from said interconnected metal-containing component (14) at a temperature and for a time sufficient to allow for interdiffusion, whereby at least a portion of said metal-containing component (14) is displaced by said foreign metal. The resulting ceramic body, having an altered metal-containing component, exhibits modified or improved properties.
    公开号:SU1676457A3
    申请号:SU874202941
    申请日:1987-07-20
    公开日:1991-09-07
    发明作者:С.Ньюкирк Марк；Р.Звикер Гарри；В.Юркухарт Эндрю
    申请人:Ланксид Текнолоджи Компани Л.П. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for modifying a metal component of a ceramic body and a modified product, more specifically to ceramic bodies formed as a reaction product of the oxidation of the base metal and having a winter-bound metal component modified at the subsequent formation stage.
    The aim of the invention is the possibility of changing the properties of the material and ensuring the flexibility of the modification.
    The invention relates to a method for replacing a significant amount of an interconnected metal component, which
    is introduced into the ceramic body during its formation by another (foreign) metal at the subsequent manufacturing stage. A foreign metal is selected in order to change the properties of the originally formed ceramic body for its final use according to its purpose. According to the proposed method, a ceramic body is formed by the oxidation reaction of the original substance using an oxidizing agent, for example, the base metal
    The ceramic body has an interconnected metal-containing component that is distributed to B parts of the ceramic body in one or more dimensions and, according to
    about.
    4 SL XI
     WITH
    at least partially open or accessible from the outer surface of the body. The ceramic body is in contact on this surface with the amount of a foreign metal from an external source, which differs in composition from that of the metallic component and which can diffuse with it.
    Mutual diffusion of two metals occurs (i.e., diffusion directed outward to the metal-containing component, initially in a ceramic gel and into the foreign metal). Preferably, one or both of the metals are melted to simplify the mutual diffusion of the metal. The volume of the foreign metal, the contact area with the foreign metal, the temperature ranges and the contact time of the ceramic body with the foreign metal are selected so as to provide the required degree of mutual diffusion of both metals. A significant portion of the metal-containing component initially in the ceramic body is at least partially replaced by one or more foreign metal constituents, which then become an integral part of the ceramic body. As a result, the metal content in the ceramic body, and hence some of its properties, change.
    Ceramic material is a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product consisting of interconnected crystallites of the reaction product resulting from the oxidation of the molten base metal with an oxidizing agent and an interconnected metal-containing component that at least partially emerges on the surface of the ceramic body. At least part of this metal component is replaced by a certain amount of foreign metal that is different in composition (i.e. in components and proportions) from the initially formed interconnected metal component, as a result of which one wiVi changes several properties of the ceramic body originally formed in as a result of the metal oxidation reaction with an oxidizing agent.
    By the term ceramic is meant not only a ceramic body in the classical sense, i.e. consisting exclusively of non-metallic and inorganic materials, but to a greater degree of warming, this term refers to bodies that are ceramic in composition and basic properties, although they contain a small or significant amount of one or more metallic components (interconnected and isolated ), obtained from a base metal or from an oxidizing agent of an additive material or filler, most of which are in the range of 1-40% by volume, but may include even more metal.
    The term “oxidation reaction product” basically means one or more metals in any oxidized state,
    0 at which the metal gives or divides electrons with another element, compound, or combination thereof. Thus, the term “oxidation reaction product” includes the reaction product of one or more metals with an oxidizing agent.
    The term Oxidizer means one or more suitable acceptors or separators of electrons and, during the process, it can be solid.
    0 body, liquid, gas (steam), or a combination thereof (for example, a solid gel and gas).
    The metal, when used in terms of the base metal or foreign metal, is relatively pure.
    5 metals, industrial metals with impurities and / or alloying components and alloy and intermetallic compounds of metals. When a particular metal is mentioned, it should be described in
    0 such a definition, if not specified, otherwise in context. For example, when aluminum is a base metal, it can be a relatively pure metal (for example, aluminum with a purity of 99.7%), or aluminum of the 1100 mark, having a nominal amount of impurities of about 1 wt.% In the form of silicon and iron, or an aluminum alloy For example, marks 5052.
    Fig, 1 shows a ceramic body,
    0 processed in accordance with the proposed method; figure 2 - vessel.
    A ceramic body having an interconnected metal component, at least partially emerging on the external surface (or surface), is brought into contact with the foreign metal, causing a concentration gradient. Typically, the ceramic body and the foreign metal are heated to a temperature above the peak.
    Melting of bound metal in a ceramic body or in a foreign metal, or both. Mutual diffusion between the metal component and the foreign metal occurs due to a drop in
    5 concentration. A significant amount of the metal component is replaced by a foreign metal, which becomes an integral part of the final ceramic body, as a result of which the properties of the ceramic body change. In addition to aluminum,
    as a base metal, silicon, tigan, tin, zirconium and hafnium may be suitable.
    Ceramic body 1 is first manufactured. A base metal, such as aluminum, to which additives can be added, is prepared as the source of the oxidation reaction product. The base metal is melted in tanks with the appropriate temperature in an oxidizing environment or in its immediate vicinity. At this temperature or in the range of the indicated temperatures, the liquid metal reacts with an oxidizing agent to form a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product. At least a part of the oxidation reaction product is supported by oxygen in the contact and between the expanded metal and the oxidizing agent to draw the liquid metal through the oxidation reaction product and in contact with an oxidizing agent so that the oxidation reaction product continues to form at the interface between the oxidizing agent and the previously formed oxidation reaction product lasts for a time interval sufficient to form a polycrystalline ceramic ceramic body consisting mainly of oxidation reaction product 2 and an interconnected metal component 3 distributed in part or all of the polycrystalline material This metal component formed in situ during the formation of the polycrystalline product oxidation reaction at least partially goes to at least one surface of the ceramic body, for example, surface 4. Polycrystalline This material may contain some insulated metal, as well as shells and porosity (not shown), which can be filled with a bound metal component, but the volume percentage of the metal (interconnected and insulated) and voids mainly depends on such conditions as temperature, time, filler materials and type of base metal.
    The ceramic body in the further l is in contact with one or several surfaces 4, with the second, or foreign metal 5, obtained from an external source, and it can be placed in the corresponding vessel or crucible 6, where mutual diffusion occurs (Fig. 2). Mutual diffusion between the metaplastic component of the original ceramic body formed during the formation of the polycrystalline reaction product by oxides and the metal from an external source can occur in the following
    metal states: solid - solid, solid - liquid, liquid - solid, or liquid - liquid. Liquid - liquid is preferable because such a system provides a favorably modified final product in a shorter period of time. Even in the case of mutual diffusion in the state of a solid body - a solid body can
    0 transfer occurs in the liquid phase if the interdiffusion temperature is higher than the lower melting point of the combined metals, such as in the case of a eutectoid system. Foreign metal which
    5 may be a relatively pure metal, alloy, or intermetallic compound, selected to change the composition of the interconnected metal component, as a result of which
    0 properties of the final ceramic product. Typically variable properties are as follows: fracture toughness, hardness, wear resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, or chemical stability (i.e., corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, etc.). A special application for which a ceramic product is intended, what properties need to be changed or improved
    0 by selecting a special foreign metal.
    Choosing a second or foreign metal
    depends mainly on the desired end
    properties, as well as a number of other factors
    such as temperature, time, solubility, etc., which is explained in more detail below. Suitable foreign metals for replacing the interconnected metal (including alloys and intermetallides) may include, for example, nickel, silver, iron, titanium, copper, uranium, chromium, cobalt, vanadium, silicon, molybdenum, tungsten, germanium, tin, yttrium magnesium , zirconium, hafnium, niobium, manganese, platinum, palladium, gold, zinc, aluminum, lead and their
    5 alloys and intermetallic compounds, including stainless steels, carbon steels and special purpose alloys such as Inconels, Hastelloys. Waspalloys, Mouels and Stellits
    0 Test 1. Ceramic body 1 is immersed in a bath of liquid foreign metal 5 in the crucible 6. Where necessary, the ceramic body can be partially immersed in a bath of liquid foreign metal in order to limit the depth of substitution of the metal in the ceramic body, especially if it is necessary to limit such a substitution only to the surface. For example, if a foreign metal is introduced into a ceramic to improve its
    corrosion resistance or hardness, it may be sufficient to modify only the surface (s). The volume of the foreign metal 5 is usually larger than the volume of the interconnected metal component emerging to the surface, initially formed in the ceramic body. Thus, the maximum or optimal replacement of the metal component with a foreign metal is easier to achieve, i.e. it is better to have a sufficient amount of a foreign metal so that after reaching equilibrium, the total concentration of the original metal component is significantly lower than the concentration of the foreign metal. as a result, a more complete replacement of the original metal component with a foreign metal is achieved. The volume of the foreign metal is usually 5 to 50 times greater than the volume of the interconnected metal component, or at least part of the interconnected metal component, which is to be replaced, but may be more. This difference in volume depends on factors such as the desired percentage of substitution, the required depth of penetration into the ceramic. For example, in a ceramic product made of “formed in the oxidation of the base metal of aluminum in air and having a significant amount of the aluminum-containing component, is replaced with nickel, and it is preferable to have at least 20 times the volume of the foreign metal nickel to replace 95% of the volume of the initial interconnection associated aluminum component, thereby improving the viscosity and corrosion resistance of the final ceramic product. If necessary, you can use a smaller amount of foreign metal in the process if you need to replace a smaller metal component, i.e. Specially leave in the ceramic product a significant amount of the original metal component. Such an option may be desirable, for example, when alloys are formed with sword metal with a foreign metal and an initial metal component and these alloys must have properties that are excellent or superior to those of the original component and the foreign metal.
    Another factor determining the substitution in relation to the volume ratio is solubility or miscibility. Mutual diffusion or substitution
    one metal to another increases with increasing solubility or miscibility. The magnitude or degree of mutual diffusion can be adjusted by the time of contact of the ceramic body with a foreign metal. The contact time may be relatively short in those cases. KOI and substitution occurs only on the surface of the ceramic body, that is, the metal component on the surface of the ceramic body must be tiled with a foreign metal, and the remaining c or inner part of the ceramic body does not substantially change.
    5Temperature, like time, is used.
    for the retina i and the rate of diffusion and diffusion, for example, the temperature can be maintained below the melting point of one or both metals in order to
    0 to provide mutual diffusion in the state of a solid, solid or solid, liquid, both of which propagate with medicaments rather than mutual diffusion of liquid-liquid. The lower the amount of treatment it is better to use when replacing on the surface of the ceramic body than throughout the whole body. The temperature can be selected to change (decrease or increase) the viscosity and / or
    0 miscibility of mixes, as a result of which the rate of mutual diffusion changes. The temperature can be used to form special alloys and intermetallic compounds in the final
    5 product
    Thus, the temperature and time at which the process occurs depends on several factors such as the composition of the metal component in the ceramic.
    In the initial state, the composition of the foreign megalall, the desired degree and depth of mutual diffusion. It is preferable to use the temperature above the melting point in most cases,
    5 at least one of the metals, and even better, both metals. In addition, a higher temperature can be used to increase the rate of mutual diffusion. In the case when the ceramic body of metal is formed from the main aluminum component from the metal and air of the aluminum component, and nickel is used as a foreign metal, then the preferred temperature for the liquid-liquid interdiffusion is 1650 ° C. which is a melted tempered or slightly higher for nickel, as well as aluminum, and any intermeglic compounds formed by the process
    In addition, when the ratio of the volumes of nickel and the metal component is about 20: 1, then about 95% of the metal component can be replaced with nickel for 55-75 hours or less in a sample of about 2.54-3.2 mm thick, having interconnected metal . However, these conditions of the ratios of volume, time, and temperature are taken only for illustration, and that the process conditions are subject to change. Mutual diffusion in the solid-liquid state can be carried out at temperatures below the melting point of nickel, but above the melting point of aluminum, but the rate of mutual diffusion will be less. The process can be conducted at an elevated temperature, but below the melting point, of aluminum as a solid-solid state, which may be desirable for mutual diffusion only to a very limited depth of the surface of the ceramic body.
    The ceramic body and / or foreign metal system can be mixed or vibrated to improve the mutual diffusion process. In particular, ultrasonic energy can be applied to a crucible or vessel containing a ceramic body and a foreign metal to increase the rate of mutual diffusion. The crucible or ceramic body can be shaken or stirred mechanically during the whole process or part of it.
    Using the mutual diffusion in the state of liquid - liquid, the ceramic body is removed from the crucible when the foreign metal is still liquid. Excess metal is allowed to drain from the surface of the ceramic body. Wetting and / or capillary action is sufficient to hold the modified metal component in the ceramic body. The surfaces of the ceramic body can be cleaned by grinding, etching, etc.
    Test 2. Composite is obtained using a mass of filler material placed adjacent and in contact with the surface of the base metal, and the process continues until oxidation penetrates into the filler layer to its boundary, which can be determined by an appropriate barrier. The weight of the filler, which is preferably molded in the form of a briquette, is sufficiently porous or permeable to allow the oxidant, in the case of a gaseous oxidant, to penetrate into the filler and come into contact with the metal and contain the grown oxidation reaction product. Or the oxidant may be inside or contain a filler. The filler may include any suitable material, such as particles,
    powders, flakes, hollow bodies, spheres of fibers, whiskers, etc., which are usually ceramic materials. The metal filler can be used either in the form of particles or metal fibers protected by a coating from interdiffusion with a foreign metal, or if it is necessary to change the properties of the filler by mutual diffusion with a foreign metal. The filler layer can
    5 be reinforced with rods, plates or wire. Typically, in these polycrystalline ceramic structures, including ceramic composites, the crystallites of the oxidation products are interconnected and the metal component is at least partially bound and has access to the outer surface of the ceramic body.
    The filler materials used together with the base metal may in certain cases favorably influence the oxidation reaction process, especially in systems where aluminum is used as the base metal. The functions of the filler material may depend on a number of factors, and not on the filler material itself. Such factors include, for example, a particular combination of additives, when using two or more additives,
    5 use of the additive placed outside in combination with the base metal alloyed additive, the concentration of the additive (s), the oxidizing environment and the process conditions.
    0 Attributes or additives used
    together with the base metal, can be used: as alloying components of the aluminum base metal; placed at least .to part of the surface
    5 base metal; applied or included in part or all of the filler, or briquette, or use any combination of them. For example, the doped additive can be used alone or with a second
    0 additive placed outside. Additional additives are applied to the filler material, application is carried out by any means.
    Additives useful for dl. aluminum
    B as the base metal, especially if the oxidizing agent is air, are magnesium, zinc and silicon, alone and in combination with each other or with other additives. These metals can as alloying components in the base metal.
    based on aluminum, the concentration of each of which is 01 10% of the total mass of the doped metal. These filler metals or their respective source (for example, MgO, ZnO or SI02) can also be used on the base metal. The alumina ceramic construction can be obtained from an aluminum alloy with silicon as the base metal, using air as the oxidant, using MgO as a surface additive in an amount of about 0.0008 g / g of oxidizable base metal or more
    about
    0.003 g / cm of the base metal surface onto which MgO is applied.
    Additional examples of filler materials that are effective with aluminum base metals oxidizable in air are sodium, germanium, tin, lead, lithium, calcium, boron, phosphorus, yttrium, which can be used alone or in combination with other additives depending on the oxidizer and process conditions. Rare earth elements such as cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium and samarium are also useful as additives, and especially when used in combination with other additives. All filler materials effectively contribute to the growth of the polycrystalline oxidation reaction product for aluminum-based base metal systems.
    Solid, liquid or vaporous (gaseous) oxidizing agents or combinations thereof may be used. For example, typical oxidizing agents include, without limitation, oxygen, nitrogen, halogen, sulfur, phosphorus, mouse, carbon, boron, selenium, tellurium, and their compounds, for example, silica (as an oxygen source), methane, ethane, propane, acetylene, ethylene , propylene (as a carbon source), and mixtures such as air, H2 / NaO and CO / CO2, the latter two (H2 / H2O and CO / CO2) being useful in reducing the oxygen activity in the oxidizing environment.
    Although any suitable oxidizing agents may be used, the use of vaporous oxidizing agents is described. If a gaseous or vaporous oxidant, for example, air as an oxidizing agent, is used together with a filler in the first phase, the latter must be permeable to the oxidizing agent in the first phase so that when the filler layer is held in the vaporous oxidant, the latter can penetrate through this layer and contact ( interact) with it with the molten base metal. The term “vapor phase oxidant” means vaporized or gaseous.
    The state is a substance that provides an oxidizing atmosphere. For example, oxygen or gas mixtures containing oxygen (including air) are
    preferred vaporous oxidizing agents, as in the example where the base metal is aluminum, with air usually being more preferable for reasons of economy. When the oxidizer
    0 is defined as containing a given gas or vapor, an oxidizer is meant, in which a certain gas or vapor is the only, dominant or at least significant oxidant of the base metal under the conditions prevailing in the oxidizing atmosphere used. For example, although the main component of air is nitrogen, the oxygen contained in the air is the only oxidizing agent
    0 metal, because oxygen is a much stronger oxidant than nitrogen. Therefore, air, as an oxidizer, falls under the definition of Oxygen-containing gas, and not the definition of Nitrogen5 containing gas as an oxidizer. An example of the latter is a shaping gas, which contains about 96% by volume of nitrogen and about 4% by volume of hydrogen.
    When using a solid oxidant,
    0, it is usually distributed throughout the entire filler layer or part thereof adjacent to the base metal, in the form of particles mixed with a filler or possibly as a coating on the filler particles.
    5 Any solid oxidizing agent containing elements such as boron or carbon, or compounds capable of being reduced, for example silica, or some borides having
    0 lower value of thermodynamic equilibrium than the reaction product of boride base metal. For example, when boron or reducible boride is used as a solid oxidizing agent,
    5, the resulting oxidation product is aluminum boride.
    In some cases, oxidation with a solid oxidizing agent can proceed so quickly that the oxidation reaction product
    0 is melted due to the exothermic nature of the process. This may interfere with the homogeneity of the microstructure of the ceramic body. This rapid exothermic reaction can be avoided by adding relatively
    5 inert fillers that have low reactivity. Such fillers absorb the heat generated by the reaction, minimizing the effects of rapidly releasing heat. An example of such an inert filler
    can be an appropriate inert filler, which is identical to the desired product of the oxidation reaction.
    If an oxidizing agent is used, the entire filler layer or its part adjacent to the base metal is impregnated with the oxidizing agent. For example, a filler for its impregnation may be applied as a coating or wetted, dipping it into an oxidizing agent to impregnate the filler. Reference to a liquid oxidizing agent means that oxidizing agent that is liquid under the reaction conditions is oxidized, and such a liquid oxidizing agent may have a solid starting material, for example, a salt that is liquid under the conditions for the oxidation reaction. Alternatively, an oxidizing agent may beat a liquid starting material, for example, millicherichex, which is used to impregnate any other or part of the filler and that melts or decomposes under the oxidation reaction conditions to provide the part of the oxidant necessary for the process. Examples of liquid oxidizing gases include low melting point glass.
    In combination with a filler or a briquette, inhibitors can be used to inhibit the growth or development of the products OXI-DECOM after the barrier layer in the case when vaporous oxide oxides are involved in the formation of a ceramic heat. A suitable inhibitor can be any material, compound, element mixture. or the like, which, under the conditions of the process, maintain their integrity, do not evaporate and are preferably permeable to the vapor-phase oxidant, and at the same time are able to inhibit, poison in a certain place, slow down, thwart, prevent, etc. the continuation of the growth of the reaction product is oxidized. Suitable nHrHbnropJMH for use with aluminum as the base metal is calcium sulfate (calcined gypsum), calcium silicate, portland cement, and mixtures thereof, which are usually applied as a suspension or paste to the surface of the filler material. These inhibitors may contain coi gwets: - volatile substances that are combustible or volatile; the latter volatilize when heated or substances that decompose when heated in order to increase the porosity and permeability of the inhibitors Itibitors may contain appropriate refractory materials the particle, in order to reduce possible shrinkage Y) LEE cracking which otherwise may occur during protsssa. It is especially important that the PMTCL t-ji is almost the same.
    expansion coefficient, as a layer or briquette filler. For example, if the filler and the final ceramic material contain alumina, then to the inhibitor
    You can pick up particles of aluminum oxide, with a size of about 10-1000 mesh, but it can be smaller. Other relevant inhibitors contain refractory ceramics or metallic shells that are found
    0 at least at the end in order to ensure the penetration of the vaporous oxidant through the filler and its contact with the liquid metal.
    Ceramic material is prepared as follows.
    Ceramic bodies containing a. A (20g and interconnected aluminum, prepared for each of the five examples given below, is air oxidized
    0 aluminum alloy 5052 (as the base metal) usually contains 2.5 wt.% Magnesium and about 1 wt.% Of the remaining additives). Prisad-kz from silicon dioxide (-140 grit) deposited on the upper surface of each billet
    5 and each casting was placed in a layer of refractory alumina powder (E1 alundum 90 grit in size) so that the grown surface was flush with the surface of the layer and directly exposed to air
    The process conditions for each batch are given in the table.
    X-ray diffraction spectrometry
    5 (EDS) to show the elementary distribution of phases in the final ceramic bodies, confirmed the presence of metallic aluminum. The ability of aluminum to bind hs is shown by measurements of electrical conductivity. The same method of EDS X-ray diffraction was applied to ceramic bodies in experiments 1 and 2 after changing the metal component in each.
    Example 1. Nickel billet
    5 weighing 20.6 g put the surface of the ceramic body 1 (table) weighing 7.63 g and 17.5x11.1x4.8 mm in size. This system of nickel and ceramics is then wrapped in nickel foil (thickness 0.127 mm). This
    0, the system is heated to 1200 ° C and maintained at 69.5 and in an argon atmosphere, the flow rate of which is 25 cm / min. The final ceramic body contains a metallic component consisting of Ni-AI phases, containing 33.0-48.3 wt.% NI, 51.2-66 & weight% AI and traces of silicon.
    Example 2. The method described in example 1, using a ceramic block from the second series weighing 6.36 g and a nickel block with a mass of 15 9 g, a heating temp of 1525 ° C and a holding time of 66.5 hours. The composition of the metal component was determined by x-ray analysis % by weight: NI94.5; AI 5.5.
    Example 3. A ceramic sample 3 weighing 2.70 g (dimensions 23.8x9.5x3.2 mm) is placed in a ceramic boat and poured with copper powder of a purity of 99.9% and a mass of 39.9 g. A block of alumina weighing 4.9 g placed on the surface of the powder to prevent the ascent of the sample. The system is kept for 24 hours at 1250 ° C in an argon atmosphere, the flow rate of which is 5-10 cm / min. The average copper content in the metal component of the final ceramic product is about 41.2 mA%, and that of aluminum is about 57.8 mcc.%, The rest is traces of silicon and magnesium.
    Example 4. A ceramic sample 4 weighing 1.92 g (dimensions 20.6x7.9x3.2 mm) is placed in a closed container of steel 1018 with a total weight of 19.55 g, heated to 1350 ° C and kept for 48.25 hours. Metal component The final ceramic product contains only about 66.1 wt.% aluminum and a significant amount of iron and magnesium from steel 1018, showing that the original metal component was partially replaced by a foreign metal.
    Example 5. A ceramic sample 5 with a size of 12.7x2.54x9.5 mm is placed in a ceramic crucible and covered with purified shot of silver weighing 125 g (S-166 grade from Fisher Sclntlflc). The crossbar, fixed on the edges of the crucible, prevents the ascent of the sample. The system is heated to 1000 ° C for 16 hours. In the analysis, the metal component of the final product contains about 97% by weight silver and about 3% by weight aluminum.
    Example 6. An aluminum alloy having an ingot size of approximately (203.2x228.6 mm) and 1/2 thickness (12.7 mm) is placed in a layer-by-layer stacking of alumina particles of size 90 contained in a refractory alumina boat of size 90 in order to form a layered packet. One surface of the aluminum ingot is left open. Then a layered bag consisting of a refractory boat and its contents is placed in a heated resistance furnace and heated to 1125 ° Above 6 hours. Before cooling to room temperature, the furnace is maintained at 1125 ° C for 336 hours. The atmosphere of the furnace is air. After cooling the furnace to room temperature, the laminated bag is removed from the furnace and dismantled in order to obtain a self-supporting ceramic material containing a matrix of the oxidized alumina product, which contains a certain residue of aluminum alloy diffusing into it. The resulting ceramic body contains about 1 wt.% Aluminum alloy.
    Example 7. Aluminum alloy ingot with a size of approximately (25.45 x50.8 mm) and a thickness of 1/211 (12.7 mm),
    0 containing about 10 wt.% Silicon and about 3 wt.% Magnesium, is placed in a layer of alumina particles, sized 90, contained in a refractory boat of alumina, in order to form
    5 layered package. This laminated bag, consisting of a refractory boat and its contents, is placed in a resistance furnace and heated to 1125 ° C above 6 hours. Before cooling to room temperature, the oven
    0 is maintained at approximately 1125 ° C for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the laminated bag is dismantled in order to obtain a self-supporting ceramic material containing
    5, the matrix product of the oxidation of alumina, which contains a certain amount of aluminum alloy diffused into it. Ceramic material contains about 34.4 wt.% Aluminum alloy.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. A ceramic material containing a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product and a metal component, according to
    5 is at least partially coming to the surface of the material, characterized in that, in order to provide the possibility of changing the properties and providing the flexibility of modification, it contains 1-40% of the metal component, at least part of which is modified with a foreign metal.
    [2]
    2.Material, in claim 1, characterized in that. that it contains filler.
    five
    [3]
    3. A method of producing a ceramic material with a metal component, comprising heating a metal selected from the group of aluminum, silicon, tin, titanium, zirconium and hafnium, before it melts and
    0 reacting it with an oxidizing agent in the gaseous phase, forming a polycrystalline oxidation reaction product containing a metal component that is at least partially emitted
    5 to one or more surfaces of the ceramic material, which is also so that, in order to provide the possibility of changing the properties and providing the flexibility of the modification, the surface of the ceramic material is contacted with a foreign metal at a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect the mutual diffusion of the metallic material. component with IL, native metal, followed by separation from each other.
    [4]
    4. A method of pop. 3 characterized in that the foreign metal is selected from the group of nickel, iron, silver, titanium, vanadium, copper, uranium, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, tungsten, germanium, tin, magnesium, yttrium, zirconium, graphium , niobium, manganese, platinum, palladium, gold, zinc and their alloys, intermetallic compounds, mixtures.
    [5]
    5. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the volume of the foreign metal is at least five times larger than the volume of the component to be replaced.
    [6]
    6. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the contacting is carried out
    with additional mixing of the ceramic body and foreign metal,
    [7]
    7. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature during contacting is maintained above the melting point of the foreign metal, the metal component, or a combination thereof.
    [8]
    8. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the oxidation is carried out in the presence of
    filler.
    V
    SHAD
    H z
    X
    L
    Ptta
    t / l g U - # Н1 ---- vv.4.vVV.x. AC
    Fy
    d.2
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BG50271A3|1992-06-15|
    FI873078A0|1987-07-13|
    AU7622087A|1988-02-18|
    FI84809C|1992-01-27|
    JPS6350360A|1988-03-03|
    NZ220947A|1989-11-28|
    ES2038201T3|1993-07-16|
    EP0256963B1|1991-12-27|
    IE871789L|1988-02-13|
    DK165502B|1992-12-07|
    US4868143A|1989-09-19|
    PT85451B|1990-06-29|
    US5106698A|1992-04-21|
    BR8703516A|1988-04-05|
    FI84809B|1991-10-15|
    CA1294992C|1992-01-28|
    KR950002337B1|1995-03-16|
    GR3004021T3|1993-03-31|
    MX170921B|1993-09-22|
    IL83094D0|1987-12-31|
    KR880002774A|1988-05-11|
    IL83094A|1991-06-30|
    PL267166A1|1988-07-21|
    FI873078A|1988-02-14|
    JP2505209B2|1996-06-05|
    PH25041A|1991-01-28|
    YU143087A|1989-02-28|
    DK389287A|1988-02-14|
    EP0256963A2|1988-02-24|
    DE3775492D1|1992-02-06|
    HU202168B|1991-02-28|
    AU595913B2|1990-04-12|
    HUT46619A|1988-11-28|
    IE60169B1|1994-06-15|
    PT85451A|1987-08-01|
    DK389287D0|1987-07-27|
    NO872854D0|1987-07-09|
    YU46662B|1994-01-20|
    AT70859T|1992-01-15|
    PL155243B1|1991-10-31|
    CS275799B6|1992-03-18|
    CN87105586A|1988-04-13|
    DK165502C|1993-04-19|
    DD284670A5|1990-11-21|
    EP0256963A3|1988-08-17|
    NO872854L|1988-02-15|
    IN168339B|1991-03-16|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/896,481|US4868143A|1986-08-13|1986-08-13|Methods of making ceramic articles with a modified metal-containing component|
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